How to Judge Voting Schemes

How to Judge Grape Ripeness Before Harvest

Grape ripeness is an elusive concept for many people and sometimes an elusive achievement for vineyards. Much of the difficulty with discussions of grape ripeness is that there is often an implied standard, but in reality, ripeness is an entirely subjective judgment. So, there are really two issues to address: 1) how do we define grape ripeness and 2) how do we measure ripeness parameters to as...

On Electronic Voting Schemes

Verifying voting schemes

The possibility to use computers for counting ballots allows us to design new voting schemes that are arguably fairer than existing schemes designed for hand-counting. We argue that formal methods can and should be used to ensure that such schemes behave as intended and conform to the desired democratic properties. Specifically, we define two semantic criteria for single transferable vote (STV)...

How to Judge Entrepreneurship in a Large Company

WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP? The Merriam-Webster Dictionary definition of entrepreneur is “one who organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise.” Each of these words is important. Entrepreneurship occurs in a business context, meaning the objective is to sell a product or service and make a profit. In business, risk is associated with uncertainty, which most commonly arise...

Double Voting Problem of Some Anonymous E-Voting Schemes

In 1998, Mu and Varadharajan proposed an anonymous e-voting scheme to be applied in both small-scale and large-scale elections. They claimed that it protects the anonymity of voters and prevents double voting. They also mentioned that if a malicious voter votes more than once, his identity will be discovered by the election authority. In 2003, Lin et al. demonstrated that the scheme fails to re...